Direct and Indirect speech

Direct Speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech)

We use quotation marks (“__________”) and it should be world for word

For Example :

Nicky said, “it’s hot

Or

“it’s hot, “Nicky said”

Indirect speech refers to reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word

Indirect Speech is sometimes called reported speech

The tense usually changes when reporting speech this is because we are usually talking about a time in the post and obviously the person who spoke or ginally spoke in the past.

Remember  

The changing of tenses 

Direct speech	Indirect speech
Present continous	Past continous
Simple present tense	Simple past
Simple past	Past perfect
Present perfect	Past perfect
Present future	Past future
Modals Can May must	Modals Could Might Had to

The verbs there fore usually have to be in the fast too

- Note : the reporting verbs that are usually used to report imperative sent are : Tell, order, command, ask, warn, remind

- Don’t forget to mention the indirect object father warned me motto drive fast

- When we want to report what someone said, we do not usually repeat their exact words, we use words. We can use reporting verbs, such as tell, say, ask followed by that–clause?

Example : My mother said that she got up at 5 O’clock

- When reporting verbs is in the present, present perfect, or future, there is no change of tense in the words reported

Example :

- She will tell you

- She has just haid

Time signal

Direct	Indirect
Now Today Tonight Yesterday ....ago Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Here This these	Then That day That night The day before The night before ..............before The folowing day There That those

Sometimes we need to report someone’s questions the reported question are introduced with the verb ask, inquire, wonder, want to know, etc.